grep grep some_string file grep hypo multifastafile -includes some non hypothetical lines grep hypothe multifastafile -increase the specificity of the string to match grep –i some_string file -ignores case grep trap multifastafile -only finds one line grep -i trap multifastafile grep some_string file |grep some_string -string together (pipe) several greps grep -i trap multifastafile |grep TAXI grep -i trap multifastafile |grep TAXI |grep For grep –v some_string file -finds the lines WITHOUT the string grep -i trap multifastafile |grep TAXI |grep -v Rev grep –i some_string file--color grep -i trap multifastafile |grep --color TAXI grep -i trap multifastafile |grep --color TAXI |grep -i forwa --color -color works on last match grep -c some_string file -counts the number of lines grep 60S BS_named.gff3 --color grep 60S BS_named.gff3 -c gives 3568 grep -n some_string file grep 60S BS_named.gff3 -n grep -n 60S BS_named.gff3 grep -n 60S BS_named.gff3 |more grep ">" tursiops.fa grep > tursiops.fa -won't work because of the special character grep ">" tursiops.fa -c -fast way to find how many individual fasta files in a multifasta file grep \> tursiops.fa -c grep '>' tursiops.fa can use regular expression but not covered here - just a taste grep ^G tursiops.fa --color ^ means must be at beginning of line grep G$ tursiops.fa --color $ means must be at the end of the line grep ^G[HMP] tursiops.fa --color [] hold character classes H or M or P in second postion grep ^G[HMPL][G] tursiops.fa --color